trouble with brute-force

I'm new to hashcat, and I can't seem to get the syntax right.

I have a file "hash" with the content "a94a8fe5ccb19ba61c4c0873d391e987982fbbd3" <- sha1 of "test"
and a file "pass" with the content of "test"

If I run "hashcat -m 100 -a 0 hash pass", it succeeds, Status.........: Cracked

But when I try to brute-force it with "hashcat -m 100 -a 3 hash ?l?l?l?l"
it comes back with Status.........: Exhausted

Any suggestions?

OS X 10.11
hashcat v3.10-27-g4366afe